async-http-client backend

To use, add the following dependency to your project:

"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-future" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-scalaz" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-zio" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-zio-streams" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-monix" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-cats" % "2.0.0-RC6"
// or
"com.softwaremill.sttp.client" %% "async-http-client-backend-fs2" % "2.0.0-RC6"

This backend depends on async-http-client. A fully asynchronous backend, which uses Netty behind the scenes.

The responses are wrapped depending on the dependency chosen in either a:

  • standard Scala Future
  • Scalaz Task. There’s a transitive dependency on scalaz-concurrent.
  • ZIO IO. There’s a transitive dependency on zio.
  • Monix Task. There’s a transitive dependency on monix-eval.
  • Any type implementing the Cats Effect Async typeclass, such as cats.effect.IO. There’s a transitive dependency on cats-effect.
  • fs2 Stream. There are transitive dependencies on fs2, fs2-reactive-streams, and cats-effect.

Next you’ll need to add an implicit value:

implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientFutureBackend()

// or, if you're using the scalaz version:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientScalazBackend()

// or, if you're using the zio version:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientZioBackend()

// or, if you're using the zio version with zio-streams for http streaming:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientZioStreamsBackend()

// or, if you're using the monix version:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientMonixBackend()

// or, if you're using the cats effect version:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientCatsBackend[cats.effect.IO]()

// or, if you're using the fs2 version:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientFs2Backend[cats.effect.IO]()

// or, if you'd like to use custom configuration:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientFutureBackend.usingConfig(asyncHttpClientConfig)

// or, if you'd like to use adjust the configuration sttp creates:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientFutureBackend.usingConfigBuilder(adjustFunction, sttpOptions)

// or, if you'd like to instantiate the AsyncHttpClient yourself:
implicit val sttpBackend = AsyncHttpClientFutureBackend.usingClient(asyncHttpClient)

Streaming using Monix

The Monix backend supports streaming (as both Monix and Async Http Client support reactive streams Publisher s out of the box). The type of supported streams in this case is Observable[ByteBuffer]. That is, you can set such an observable as a request body:

import sttp.client._
import sttp.client.asynchttpclient.monix._

import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import monix.reactive.Observable

AsyncHttpClientMonixBackend().flatMap { implicit backend =>
  val obs: Observable[ByteBuffer] =  ...

  basicRequest
    .streamBody(obs)
    .post(uri"...")
}

And receive responses as an observable stream:

import sttp.client._
import sttp.client.asynchttpclient.monix._

import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import monix.eval.Task
import monix.reactive.Observable
import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration

AsyncHttpClientMonixBackend().flatMap { implicit backend =>
  val response: Task[Response[Either[String, Observable[ByteBuffer]]]] =
    basicRequest
      .post(uri"...")
      .response(asStream[Observable[ByteBuffer]])
      .readTimeout(Duration.Inf)
      .send()
}

Streaming using fs2

The fs2 backend supports streaming in any instance of the cats.effect.Effect typeclass, such as cats.effect.IO. If IO is used then the type of supported streams is fs2.Stream[IO, ByteBuffer].

Requests can be sent with a streaming body like this:

import sttp.client._
import sttp.client.asynchttpclient.fs2.AsyncHttpClientFs2Backend

import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import cats.effect.{ContextShift, IO}
import fs2.Stream

implicit val cs: ContextShift[IO] = IO.contextShift(ExecutionContext.Implicits.global)
val effect = AsyncHttpClientFs2Backend[IO]().flatMap { implicit backend =>
  val stream: Stream[IO, ByteBuffer] = ...

  basicRequest
    .streamBody(stream)
    .post(uri"...")
}
// run the effect

Responses can also be streamed:

import sttp.client._
import sttp.client.asynchttpclient.fs2.AsyncHttpClientFs2Backend

import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import cats.effect.{ContextShift, IO}
import fs2.Stream
import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration

implicit val cs: ContextShift[IO] = IO.contextShift(ExecutionContext.Implicits.global)
val effect = AsyncHttpClientFs2Backend[IO]().flatMap { implicit backend =>
  val response: IO[Response[Either[String, Stream[IO, ByteBuffer]]]] =
    basicRequest
      .post(uri"...")
      .response(asStream[Stream[IO, ByteBuffer]])
      .readTimeout(Duration.Inf)
      .send()

  response
}
// run the effect

Websockets

The async-http-client backend supports websockets, where the websocket handler is of type sttp.client.asynchttpclient.WebSocketHandler. An instance of this handler can be created in two ways.

First (the “low-level” one), given an async-http-client-native org.asynchttpclient.ws.WebSocketListener, you can lift it to a web socket handler using WebSocketHandler.fromListener. This listener will receive lifecycle callbacks, as well as a callback each time a message is received. Note that the callbacks will be executed on the Netty (network) thread, so make sure not to run any blocking operations there, and delegate to other executors/thread pools if necessary. The value returned in the WebSocketResponse will be an instance of org.asynchttpclient.ws.WebSocket, which allows sending messages.

The second, “high-level” approach, available when using the Monix, ZIO and fs2 backends, is to pass a MonixWebSocketHandler(), ZIOWebSocketHandler() or Fs2WebSocketHandler(). This will create a websocket handler and expose a sttp.client.ws.WebSocket[Task] (for Monix and ZIO) / sttp.client.ws.WebSocket[F] (for fs2 and any F[_] : ConcurrentEffect) interface for sending/receiving messages.

See websockets for details on how to use the high-level interface.

Streaming websockets using fs2

For fs2, there are additionally some high-level helpers collected in sttp.client.asynchttpclient.fs2.Fs2Websockets which provide means to run the whole websocket communication through an fs2.Pipe. Example for a simple echo client:

import cats.effect.IO
import cats.implicits._
import sttp.client._
import sttp.client.ws._
import sttp.model.ws.WebSocketFrame

basicRequest
  .get(uri"wss://echo.websocket.org")
  .openWebsocketF(Fs2WebSocketHandler())
  .flatMap { response =>
    Fs2WebSockets.handleSocketThroughTextPipe(response.result) { in =>
      val receive = in.evalMap(m => IO(println("Received"))
      val send = Stream("Message 1".asRight, "Message 2".asRight, WebSocketFrame.close.asLeft)
      send merge receive.drain
    }
  }